水基液体磁性磨具复合分散剂配方实验研究

为提高水性液体磁性磨具的稳定性,制备以六偏磷酸钠与聚丙烯酸(PAA)为表面活性剂、纳米二氧化硅为辅助剂的复合分散剂。通过Minitab软件的DOE实验设计模块,以水基液体磁性磨具的沉淀率和零场黏度为评价指标,采用极端形顶点设计复合分散剂的配方并实验研究复合分散剂各组分对沉淀率和零场黏度的影响。结果表明:六偏磷酸钠与PAA之间存在协同作用,纳米二氧化硅对水基液体磁性磨具的零场黏度起到重要作用,三者能够很好地提高水基液体磁性磨具的稳定性。综合考虑沉降率和零场黏度,确定复合分散剂的最佳配比,并通过实验验证了预测值的准确性。     

Refractive index of soft contact lens materials measured in packaging solution and standard phosphate buffered saline and the effect on back vertex power calculation

PurposeTo measure the refractive index (RI) of commonly available soft contact lens (CL) materials, their packaging solutions and compare to the manufacturers’ nominal RI. The relationship between RI versus water content, and the effect of inaccurate RI when converting lens power measured in solution to in-air back vertex power were examined.MethodsThe RI of 18 single vision soft CL materials were measured using CLR 12–70 digital refractometer. Three lenses of each material were measured, in their packaging solution and then after soaking in standard phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The RIs of packaging solution were also measured. Accuracy requirements for correct wet to dry power conversion based on thick lens formula were projected.ResultsThe standard deviation between three samples was less than 0.005. The measured RI ranged from 1.3744 ± 0.001–1.4265 ± 0.0004 for PBS soaked and from 1.3739 ± 0.0003–1.4264 ± 0.0024 for packaging solution soaked materials. Comparing nominal with mean measured PBS and packaging solution RIs, 5 and 3 lens materials, respectively, fell outside ISO tolerance. The packaging solution RI of DailiesAquaComfortPlus had the largest difference of 0.0040, compared to RI of standard PBS. For converting lens power measured in PBS to in-air power, the difference between measured and nominal RI of 0.0104 would result in wrongly calculated in-air power 0.99 D for a -6.00 D lens.ConclusionThe CLR 12–70 is reliable and accurate refractometer for the measurement of soft CL materials. Accurate RI measurements are of relevance with increased use of wavefront sensors to measure lens power while they are immersed in solution. Even small errors in solution or material RI can lead to significant errors in converted in-air power. To obtain valid in-air lens power results, measurement conditions must match the material and solution RIs used for the conversion.     

湘江阶地粉质粘土边坡失稳分析与治理

利用边坡监测结果和室内试验,对湘江阶地上的粉质粘土边坡失稳机理进行全面的研究。研究结果表明,土体开挖成坡后,边坡中出现了由应力重分布引起的应力集中和张应力带;而大量的水进入土体后,一方面降低了土的粘聚力和内摩擦角,并使土的粒间吸力丧失,另一方面增加了土的容重,产生了不利于边坡稳定的静水和动水压力。张应力和水的共同作用,是导致了边坡失稳的直接原因。     

对城市规划控制原则和控制体系的再思考——以珠海市南水镇新镇区控制性详细规划为例

作者对目前控制性详细规划编制中控制原则里单纯的“求异”误区,以及控制体系方面过于单一的问题进行分析,借鉴国外区划经验、结合珠海南水规划编制实例,探讨确立“求同”的控制原则、建立“量控”和“位控”相结合的双向控制体系,重点分析“五种线形”及其应用,以此来完善城市控制性详细规划编制内容、纠正编制误区,全面发挥控制功能,有效加强控制力度。     

青东凹陷油藏类型及主控因素浅析

青东凹陷具有独特而复杂的成藏特征,通过基础地质的综合研究,识别出青东凹陷发育构造、地层、岩性和复合油藏等四类油藏类型,阐述了各种不同油藏类型的分布特征;通过典型油气藏解剖,明确了有效烃源岩、储盖组合、油气输导条件等油气成藏要素和主控因素,研究认为青东凹陷具有双源供烃的油源条件,发育6套储盖组合,骨架砂体和输导断层为油气运移的有效通道;将青东凹陷划分为西北部斜坡、西南部断阶、中部深洼和东部走滑断裂四个油气聚集带,并解剖了各个油气聚集带的成藏类型及成藏主控因素。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部十里加汗区带致密砂岩储层流体赋存状态及分布特征

鄂尔多斯盆地北部十里加汗区带上古生界高产气层与低产气层、(含气)水层共存分布,目前对其气水分布的特征、规律及影响因素认识不清,制约了该区天然气勘探开发的进程。为此,统计分析了该区上古生界地层水的矿化度、pH值及离子含量等数据,发现该区地层水水型基本为CaCl_2型;进而利用钻井岩心、录井、测井及分析测试等资料,结合地层水地球化学特征分类评价结果,厘清了地层水的成因、类型、控制因素和空间分布特征,并建立了该区气层、水层和干层的测井识别图版,明确了储层流体的赋存状态与分布规律。结论认为:1 CaCl_2型地层水指示该区地层封闭性好,有利于天然气聚集成藏;2该区储层流体存在自由水、毛细管水和束缚水3种赋存状态,自由水主要分布在区带西部,束缚水主要分布在区带东部,而毛细管水则在全区普遍存在;3将所建立的测井识别图版在该区锦86等井进行了应用,识别结果与试气结果基本一致,表明该识别图版能够有效识别气水层。     

荷花山铅锌矿与铜陵地区其它矿床成矿控制因素的对比研究

为了探讨荷花山铅锌矿控矿因素上与铜陵地区其它矿床异同，运用宏、微观相结合，地质观察研究同位素地球化学以及流体包裹体分析相结合的方法，通过地层岩性、地质构造、特定地质体及成矿流体的来源和性质等几个方面与成矿关系的比较，揭示了这种新类型矿床的控矿因素的特点是与岩浆关系不密切的低温热液、角砾岩控矿。得出了这种新类型矿床既具有铜陵地区其它矿床的控矿因素，同时也具有自己独特的控矿因素的结论。     

A fuzzy irregular cellular automata-based method for the vertex colouring problem

ABSTRACT

Vertex colouring is among the most important problems in graph theory which has been widely applied across different real-world problems. In vertex colouring problem (VCP), the goal is to assign a distinct colour to each vertex of the graph in such a way that no two adjacent vertices have the same colour. This paper presents a fuzzy irregular cellular automaton (FICA) for finding a near-optimal solution for the VCP. FICA is an extension fuzzy cellular automaton (FCA) in which the cells of the automaton can be arranged in an irregular structure. The aim of the proposed method is to reap the benefits of both FCA and irregular cellular automata while minimising their drawbacks. To evaluate the proposed method, various computer simulations have been conducted on a variety of graphs. The results suggest that the proposed method is able to achieve better results in terms of the minimum number of required colours and the execution time of the algorithm, compared to other peer algorithms.     

混合实验法在W-Ni-Cu合金组分设计中的应用

采用极端顶点设计法设计W-Ni-Cu合金组分,将组分自变量与相对应的性能因变量(相对密度、显微硬度、抗弯强度)进行回归分析和规划求解,同时采用冷压烧结法制备不同组分的W-Ni-Cu合金,测定合金的密度、显微硬度和力学性能,研究组分对合金性能的影响。结果表明:回归方程复相关系数R~2=1,方程精确度高;合金性能随组分变化而呈规律变化;当Ni含量与Cu含量(均为质量分数)分别为3%和5%时,合金的综合力学性能最佳:相对密度为94.295%、显微硬度286.55、抗弯强度931.51 MPa。W-Ni-Cu合金的相对密度计算值与实验结果的误差为-0.45%~0.06%,显微硬度计算值与实验结果的误差为-8.48%~4.46%,抗弯强度计算值与实验结果的误差为-5.19%~4.15%。误差很小,说明混合实验和极端顶点设计法能优化W-Ni-Cu合金组分,并可靠预测合金性能。